Horse Allergy Treatment and Prevention

Just like humans, horses can have a number ofallow it to recover normally. If the horse is allergic
different types of allergies. The most commonto something in the stable (e.g. dust, fungus, mold)
types of horse allergies are respiratory and skin.one can let it out to pasture until it has had time
Respiratory allergies are also known as 'heaves'to recover and one has had time to clean the
and are often similar to asthma in people.stable. Alternatively, if the problem is in the
A horse can be allergic to things in the air (e.g.pasture (some plant), one can place the horse in a
pollen, dust, mold, spores), certain foods orstable until it recovers.
nutritional supplements, or insect bites. Normally,Depending on what the horse is allergic to, some
allergies develop over time with exposure. Forcommon solutions are:
example, a horse may not have an allergy to- Hay dust. Try soaking the hay in water or find a
straw but if exposed to moldy straw over a longsupplier of less dusty hay. If this doesn't work,
period of time may develop an allergy to strawyou may need to switch to an alternative food,
mold.such as pelleted hay.
Symptoms- Straw dust. Try lightly spraying the straw with
Just as people can have many different allergicwater, to damp down the dust.
symptoms (itchy eyes or skin, bumps or rashes,- Dust. Keep the stable clean. If necessary, lightly
difficulty breathing), horses can have a variety ofsprinkle with water to damp down the dust.
symptoms as well. Common symptoms in horses- Bedding. If the horse is allergic to its bedding,
include:you can try another type of bedding. You may
- Coughing or difficulty breathingalso want to consider rubber mats instead of
- Reduced energy, especially during exercisebedding.
- Nasal discharge- Insects. One can keep the horse in the stable
- Watery eyeswhen the insects are active (e.g. during the day)
- Skin bumpsand let it out when they are inactive (e.g. at night).
- Itchy skin. The horse can be seen rubbing itselfOne can also use insect repellents or fly sheets to
on the ground or against objects, or its hair maykeep the insects off.
be worn away where it has been rubbing.- Mold or Fungus. This are normally associated
Unfortunately, it can be difficult to diagnose anwith poor quality hay, feed or bedding. Do not buy
allergy, as each of these symptoms can haveany products with mold or fungus. Keep these
other causes, aside from allergies. For example, aproducts in a dry and well ventilated area, without
throat infection could cause coughing, or a lungsitting on a cold floor, so they do not develop
infection could result in breathing difficulty andmold or fungus. If you find any product which
reduced energy. Diagnosis is further complicateddoes have mold/fungus, do not use it but dispose
by the fact that there can be a delayed reactionof it instead.
between exposure and a visible reaction. For- Plants. If your horses are allergic to certain
example, symptoms of skin allergies (e.g. bumps)plants in the pasture, these should be reduced or
may appear 12 hours after exposure to theeliminated. Be careful of using herbicides for this
allergen (the substance the horse is allergic to).purpose as that can result in laminitis.
Consequently, one may need veterinaryNote that in the case of watered hay or straw,
assistance to determine if the symptoms are dueone must ensure that the hay and straw is
to an allergy or some other cause. In some caseschanged daily so that it does not have time to
(particularly in the case of skin allergies) thedevelop mold or fungus.
veterinarian may take a tissue sample for analysisCleaning a stable tends to disturb dust, mold,
to determine if the problem is allergic and if so tofungus and other potential allergens. Consequently,
help identify the cause.one should always remove a horse from the
Treatment and Controlstable while it is being cleaned and for some time
The treatment of horses for allergies is similar toafterwards (until things have had time to settle
the treatment for people. The preferredagain).
treatment is avoidance. On exposure, there are aNormally, a well ventilated stable will have fewer
number of treatments (e.g. anti-histamines orallergens than a poorly ventilated one. However, in
corticosteroids) to reduce the symptoms andthe case of a dust allergy, increasing ventilation
make the horse more comfortable. There aremay make the situation worse (at least in the
also a number of desensitizing treatments.short term) as increased wind through the stable
Alternatively, if the symptoms are not severe,may stir up dust.
one can separate the horse from the allergen and