Horse Training for Reining Horse Sliding Stops

Do you own a reining horse or young reined cowrunning speed where they will still try to stop.
horse prospect? If so, you know how critical aIf you run him faster than that optimum speed
good stop is to your horse's success in the showhe just thinks about running and forgets about
arena. In this discussion, I'm going to talk aboutstopping. Or maybe he's not strong enough to
reining horse sliding stops. And specifically, wayshold a stop past his optimum speed and refuses
you can improve your horse's sliding stop.to try. You'll have to experiment to find out just
We have a lot of ground to cover so let's gethow fast you can run him and still get a stop.
started. There are several factors that influenceAnother thing. Don't ask your horse to stop from
the length of a horse's slide.top speed very often. You'll sour him if you do.
They are:And remember to put skid boots on him so his
#1. The horse's natural ability and aptitude forfetlocks are protected.
stopping.A lot of riders build speed too quickly, then start
#2. The ground the horse is stopping on.to slow down as they near the end of the
#3. The way the horse is shod.run-down. They ask the horse to stop while he's
#4. The horse's rate of speed when going intodecelerating. The result is usually a disappointing
the stop.stop. It's also important for the horse to be
#5. The way the rider cues the horse for therunning straight when you ask for the stop.
stop (how the reins are worked, rider's posture,His body should be straight from the tip of his
etc.).nose to the tip of his tail. If he's crooked he'll stop
I'd like to talk about each of these factors andout of balance. Also, his path down the arena
explain how they effect your horse's slide.must be straight. If he is zigzagging or trying to
First, let me make it clear that just about anyveer off while making the run-down, his stop will
horse can do a nice little two foot slide on goodsuffer.
ground. It's another thing altogether for a horse toThe way you "cue" your horse to stop is vitally
slide 15 or 20 feet. If you want big time stopsimportant.
you need a horse that has the ability and desireUsing the reins correctly, proper riding posture and
to stop.timing is what enables your horse to perform a
You're not going to get the job done on just along slide. But before I explain the right way, let
so-so kind of horse. And if you try to force ame tell you what not to do. Contrary to popular
non-stopper into becoming a big-time stopper youbelief, pulling the reins harder does not make for a
may find your training sessions becoming toolonger slide. It actually shortens the slide.
harsh.Why? Because the hard pull makes the horse jam
How do you know if your horse has the aptitudehis feet in the ground too deep. It also causes his
to be a good stopper? If it was relatively easy tohind legs to spread out too much to slide far. And
get him to stop well at the trot or slow lope,maybe worst of all, a horse can't keep his balance
chances are you won't have much of a problemfor a long slide when he's being pulled on.
advancing the stop. (Providing you do it graduallyOK, that takes care of what not to do. Now let's
and the horse has the necessary strength to holdtalk about how to do it right. On a reining horse
a hard stop).there are three different techniques I'll use to
On the other hand, if you had hell getting him tohandle the reins. The techniques are different but
stop at the trot or slow lope, you're going tothe principle of why they work is similar.
have more hell trying to get him to stop from aWhy do I use different techniques? Because
faster pace. Personally, I don't think it's worth it todifferent horses respond differently. I'll use the
put yourself or the horse through that kind oftechnique that works the best on that particular
ordeal.horse. Let me give you a brief description of the
Let's talk about how the ground affects a horse'sthree techniques of using the reins. Then I'll go
slide.into more detail on the one that works on the
It never ceases to amaze me how normallymajority of horses.
intelligent people can't figure out that a long slideThe ultimate way of stopping your horse is to
ain't gonna happen on bad ground. So, for thejust say whoa, slack the reins, then sit there and
sake of clarity let me describe what good slidinglet him slide. This technique will often times
ground is. Good sliding ground consists of a hard,produce the longest slides. Why? Because you're
packed base that is smooth with two or threenot interfering with him.
inches of loose, fluffy dirt on top.With no pressure in his mouth, he feels free to
The advantages of this kind of ground areslide as far as he can. The only problem with this
obvious. The hard packed base gives the horsetechnique is that your horse has to be the kind
something solid to slide on. Without it the horse'sthat really wants to stop. It's pretty hard to get
feet would dig in the ground too deep thusthe average horse to consistently stop this way.
shortening the slide. The base must also beAnother technique I'll use is to say whoa, tighten
smooth. If there are any ruts in it a horse's feetthe reins to apply light pressure, then sit there
will catch in the rut.and let him slide. It's important to note that the
Again this will shorten the slide or worse, injurepressure is light, only a pound or two. It's also
the horse. It's important the ground on top of theimportant not to pull the reins. Once the pressure
base be fluffy and loose. Here's why. This topis applied, your hand is set solid with no pulling or
ground needs to soften the concussion of theslacking.
feet entering the ground and hitting the hard base.This method works fairly well on horses that don't
Without a soft cushion to absorb the shock thewant to stay in the slide. The down side is horses
horse will get sore.usually won't slide very far with this technique
Another reason you want the ground loose andunless you can get away with using very light
fluffy is so the horse can easily plow through itpressure. Also, if you pull on him instead of setting
while sliding. If this top ground is too deep or tooyour hand, he's going to pull on you and dump on
heavy it makes it too difficult for the horse tohis front end.
slide very far. He'll need to be awfully strong toHere's the method I use on the majority of
hold a slide in deep, heavy ground.horses I ride. As I'm galloping the horse down the
Here's a tip for improving your sliding ground. Addarena I'll say whoa, wait a split second, then apply
rice hulls or shavings to the dirt. This will really fluffrein pressure and set my hand. The horse will go
it up and make it light.into the stop. My hand is set for only a fraction of
The way your horse's hind feet are shod will havea second, then I slack the reins. The horse will
a lot to do with how well he slides.continue to hold the slide.
Sliding shoes are advised. They are made ofAs he's sliding, if I feel him start to come out of
tempered, flat bar iron, one to one and a halfthe stop, I'll set my hand again. Then immediately
inches wide. The wider the shoe the less frictionslack the reins again. This process of setting and
(or grab) on the ground and the longer the slide.slacking the reins goes on throughout the whole
There are limits though. I prefer not to go widerslide until the horse is completely stopped. It
than one inch wide shoes.should be noted that when I slack the reins I don't
Again, for less grab, the toe of the shoe isgive a lot of slack. Only an inch or two.
rocked up a quarter inch like the front of a ski.Let me explain step by step why this sequence
This prevents the toe from jamming in theof cues works so well.
ground while stopping. The quarters of the shoeAfter I say whoa, giving the horse a split second
should come almost straight back from the toe tobefore the reins are set gives him a chance to go
allow dirt to easily flow out the back of the shoe.into the stop on his own. This lets him enter the
The trailers should extend all the way back to theground more softly and smoothly. (If the reins
bulbs of the foot, but no farther. You also shouldwere used at the same time I said whoa, this
have the horse's hind feet trimmed with a littlewould startle the horse causing him to abruptly
longer toe and a little lower heel than normal.jam his hind feet in the ground too deep for a
(Normal means the angle of the hoof is the samelong slide).
as the angle of the pastern).Once the horse enters the ground, I give him a
This creates more surface area and makes for ashort, little set with the reins just to remind him
more effective ski. Do not go to extremes withto stay in the stop. I immediately slack. Slacking
this. The idea is to have the angle of the foot sothe reins lets him know he's allowed to slide as far
there is no danger of the horse stubbing his toe inas he wants. (Without the slack he'd get too deep
the dirt, knuckling over and hurting himself.and stop much more abruptly. He also might pull
If he's trimmed at too steep of an angle (heelson me or get rigid).
too high) he'll knuckle over while stopping and pullIf he tries to come out of the slide I'll set and
a tendon. Trim the heel too low and he'll strain hisslack the reins again. As long as the horse is
ham strings while stopping.sliding, I won't set the reins again unless he starts
Horses who's hind legs are straight with feetto come out of the stop. Considering a 20 foot
pointing straight ahead, have an easier time ofslide takes only a couple seconds to complete,
sliding far. Their hind feet will stay together whilethis set and slack sequence is happening pretty
sliding and make a nice set of long, straight "11"s.rapid. It takes concentration and feel to get it just
A horse who's hind feet toe out will have aright.
difficult time sliding far.There is one more element in this stopping
Because he toes out, his hind feet will start tosequence I want to talk about... your body
spread as he slides. The farther the slide theposture.
more he spreads until he's forced to come out ofAs you're loping down the arena, you're using
the slide to bring his feet back together in a moreyour body to generate energy to keep the horse
comfortable position.moving forward. When it's time to stop the horse,
This horse's slide tracks will look like a "V". Youyour body also has to stop it's energy. In other
can help this by turning the shoe on the foot sowords, you have to completely stop riding and sit
it's pointing more straight ahead. And it sometimesdown in the saddle relaxed.
helps to rock the toe a little to the inside of theLet your back, shoulders and thighs go limp. This
foot.is a major stopping cue all horses instinctively
The speed your horse is running when going intorespond to. But make darn sure you keep riding
the stop is one of the major factors dictating theuntil you say the word whoa, otherwise the horse
length of the slide.will start the stop prematurely and ruin the slide.
In other words, if he's not going fast, he's notThis "body posture" stuff is extremely important
going to slide far.and your horse will never stop as good as he
Let's say you are going to run down the length ofcould until you get it.
the arena and ask for a sliding stop aboutI know I've probably made this sound too
¾ of the way down. It's important to startcomplicated and difficult. But, you can do it. It just
the run-down real slow. Then, very gradually buildtakes some concentration and practice. If you
speed as you go down the arena and reach thedon't get it immediately don't get discouraged and
point where you ask for the stop. Do not lopegive up. Relax, be patient and you'll get it.
slow almost to the end then bust him into a run.Resources:
Gradually means to increase speed a little withThere are two training videos I recommend that
each stride. It's critical to ask for the stop whileare detailed enough to show you how to get your
the horse is accelerating. Why? Because hishorse stopping well. They are:
shoulders are more elevated and his hind legsTeach Your Horse to Stop Light and Collected,
reach farther under him when he's building speedvolume 1.5
(necessary elements for a sliding stop).Teach Your Horse to Stop Light and Collected,
Just make sure you time the rate of accelerationvolume 2
so he's not going too fast when you reach theAlright, that's all for now.
¾ mark. Otherwise he may run rightHave fun training your horse.
through the stop. All horses have an optimum