Napoleon's Irish Brigade - a History

Napoleon’s Irish Legion was created in AugustEurope, Napoleon turned his attention East. The
1803 with a view to spearheading an invasion ofLegion were involved in combat with English
Ireland. Napoleon thought that the force would beforces at Walcheren Island outside Antwerp in
regarded as a liberating force rather than an1809. From 1808-1813 they were involved in the
invading one, few French troops would need to bePeninsular War in Spain and Portugal where they
committed and it would tie up a good number ofserved with honour at the Siege of Astorga, the
English troops. To achieve these goals, the LegionSiege of Almeida, the invasion of Portugal, the
was expanded from battalion to regiment, menBattle of Busacco and the Battle of Fuentes de
were recruited from Scottish and Irish JacobiteOnor. In 1812 they were drafted east to fight the
expatriates, POW camps, press-ganged IrishRussians where they fought at the Battle of
sailors and German and Polish recruits. It was aBautzen under the direct order of Napoleon
truly multi-national force, with commands given inhimself. During the course of this campaign the
French but officers and troops conversing in theirLegion were to suffer horrendous casualties with
own native tongues. The Regiment receivedonly 117 of the initial 2,000 men surviving the first
it’s own flag and an eagle, on one side of theeight months. After the abdication of Napoleon in
flag was a large gold harp with the motto,1814, the Irish Regiment were re-organised by
L’Independence D’Irlande and on thethe Bourbon government, they lost their
other was the inscription Napoleon Empereur Desdistinctive green uniforms which were replaced by
Francais A La Legion Irlandaise. Their originalsky blue uniforms. During the Hundred Days War,
purpose was thwarted as plans for an invasion ofLouis XVIII requested the Regiment to join with
Ireland were shelved after the British victory overhim, they replied that they would gladly escort
the combined French and Spanish fleets at thehim to the frontier but that they would never
Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. With Russia andfight against their adopted country of France.
Austria preparing to renew the struggle in Central