| The most common type of stable floor is | | | | them curling up. |
| concrete. However, many stable owners are | | | | With liquid rubber, there are three components. |
| covering their concrete floors with rubber, which | | | | The first is the liquid rubber itself, the second is a |
| offers a number of advantages: | | | | chemical 'hardening' powder and the third is rubber |
| - Yielding. A concrete floor is very hard and can | | | | granules (chunks of rubber). The hardening |
| cause various types of injuries. For example, | | | | powder is mixed with the liquid rubber to cause |
| when getting up from a prone position, a horse | | | | the rubber to harden into a solid. The granules are |
| can scrape skin off against the concrete. Also, if | | | | mixed in so that the resulting floor is rough rather |
| the bedding is thin, walking on the hard concrete | | | | than smooth (a completely smooth floor would |
| can stress joints, potentially injure feed, or cause | | | | have poor traction when wet). One mixes the |
| sore points where the horse lies down to rest or | | | | three components together, spread the resulting |
| sleep. A rubber surface provides a softer and | | | | mixture on the floor, smooth it (e.g. with a trowel) |
| more yielding surface, which minimizes the rick of | | | | and then wait for it to harden. |
| such injuries. | | | | One can either hire a professional to lay a liquid |
| - Warmth. Rubber is naturally insulating, which is | | | | rubber floor or do it oneself. If doing it yourself, |
| more comfortable and healthier for horses, | | | | some key points to remember: |
| especially in winter. | | | | - Thoroughly clean concrete floor. The liquid |
| - Traction. Concrete and wooden floors can be | | | | rubber is normally placed on top of a concrete |
| slippery when wet; rubber provide better traction | | | | floor. It is absolutely critical that this floor is |
| and thereby reduces the risk of injury to horses. | | | | completely clean; failure to do this is the most |
| - Bedding. Rubber performs some of the | | | | common cause of poor performance. One should |
| functions of bedding (e.g. insulation, traction, shock | | | | use a water pressure jet sprayer to clean the |
| absorption, softer surface), reducing the amount | | | | floor of all dirt, dust and so on; then remove all |
| of bedding required. Stable owners, on average, | | | | the water; then clean it again. If the floor is not |
| report that they require only half as much bedding | | | | absolutely clean, the rubber may not properly |
| with a rubber stable floor as with concrete floors. | | | | bond to it and subsequently lift. |
| This results in a considerable saving in bedding, | | | | - Thickness. The thicker the rubber is, the |
| labour and storage costs. There are two solutions | | | | stronger and more durable it is. For horses, a |
| for providing a rubber stable floor. One is rubber | | | | minimum thickness of 1.2cm is recommended as |
| stall mats which one lays on top of an existing | | | | thinner layers are not only less strong but also |
| floor (e.g. on top of a concrete floor) and join | | | | have a tendency to 'bubble'. As a guide, for |
| together to form a rubber floor. The other | | | | elephants and rhinos, zoos use a thickness of at |
| solution consists of liquid rubber which is poured | | | | least 2.5cm. Personally, I would suggest a |
| onto the concrete floor and then allowed to | | | | thickness of 2.0cm if you can afford it. |
| harden (this takes one or two days) to form a | | | | - Two people. It is useful to have a 2-person |
| single rubber surface which covers the entire | | | | team for this task, so that one person can mix |
| floor. The term 'liquid rubber' refers to the fact | | | | and the other person focus on pouring and |
| that the rubber is in liquid form when it is initially | | | | smoothing the mixture. This task is somewhat |
| put onto the stable floor, but it then forms a solid | | | | similar to working with self-leveling concrete, so if |
| rubber floor. Both solutions have advantages and | | | | you know someone who works in the building |
| disadvantages. | | | | trade and has experience with producing smooth |
| Stall Mats versus Liquid Rubber Flooring | | | | concrete floors, they may be a good person to |
| The main disadvantage of stall mats is that urine | | | | ask. |
| can run underneath them. This occurs at the | | | | - Quality. Make sure that you purchase a |
| seams where the mats join (one normally uses | | | | high-quality product. In particular check that the |
| multiple mats to cover a stable floor) and also at | | | | rubber is 'non-porous' as porous rubber will allow |
| the gaps between the mats and the walls. This | | | | urine to enter the rubber. |
| urine builds up under the mats, releasing odours | | | | - No second chances. The liquid rubber forms a |
| and harmful ammonia. Although one can partly | | | | very strong bond with the concrete floor and is |
| compensate for this by periodically lifting the mats | | | | extremely difficult to remove, to the point that |
| and cleaning under them, this takes a certain | | | | removal may cause significant damage to the |
| amount of time and is not easy (rubber stall mats | | | | underlying concrete. Furthermore, the product is |
| are heavy). | | | | expensive, so from an economic perspective one |
| With liquid rubber, the floor is in a single piece and | | | | does not want to have to redo it. Consequently, it |
| joins with the wall (in fact, one would normally | | | | is important that you carefully read and follow the |
| apply the rubber onto the wall as well for a height | | | | instructions, with particular attention to the points |
| of at least several centimeters). Consequently, | | | | above. |
| there are no seams or joins which would allow | | | | Financial Considerations |
| the urine to enter. Furthermore, the rubber bonds | | | | The price of rubber mats is about $20 to $40 per |
| with the concrete floor, so there is no space for | | | | square meter (depending on quality, thickness and |
| urine or dirt underneath the rubber. This is a | | | | other considerations) and the price of a liquid |
| major advantage over stall mats, as it is not only | | | | rubber floor is about $30 to $60 (depending on |
| healthier but also there is no need to periodically | | | | thickness and whether you use a professional to |
| clean underneath it. | | | | install it). |
| An important advantage of stall mats is that they | | | | Against this cost, there are a number of |
| are not fixed to the floor, as they rely on their | | | | advantages in terms of horse comfort and horse |
| weight to hold them in place. Therefore, one can | | | | safety (see top of this page). In addition, most |
| remove them and use them elsewhere. This | | | | people find that they can use less bedding as the |
| makes them convenient if you are just renting a | | | | rubber provides much of the bedding function (e.g. |
| stall for a period of time. One would not want to | | | | insulation, shock absorption). On average, users |
| use liquid rubber in a temporary stall as it bonds | | | | report a 50% reduction in bedding with a rubber |
| to the concrete floor and cannot be removed or | | | | floor as opposed to a concrete floor. The resulting |
| reused. Another consideration is that rubber stall | | | | saving in bedding, plus the associated savings in |
| mats tend to be less expensive than liquid rubber. | | | | labour and storage, will over time pay for the |
| Consequently, liquid rubber is a superior solution | | | | cost of the rubber floor. Consequently, a rubber |
| for a permanent stall, while stall mats are more | | | | floor is not only better for your horse, but it is |
| appropriate for short to medium term installations. | | | | also economic over the longer term. The time it |
| Installation | | | | takes for the rubber floor to pay for itself will of |
| Rubber mats are simply laid on top of a hard | | | | course depend on your local costs for bedding |
| surface (e.g. concrete stable floor). They may or | | | | and labour, as well as the percentage reduction in |
| may not be interlocking. With lower quality mats, | | | | amount of bedding required. |
| one may need to fasten the corners to stop | | | | |